Civil Articles
Storage of foodstuff
Storage of products at low temperatures considerably reduces activity of enzymes and microbiological processes that does possible storage for a long time.
The choice of temperature of storage depends on type of a product and duration of its storage. The more close the storage temperature to a point has begun freezing; the development of microorganisms is more strongly slowed down.
Storage of the cooled meat products at temperatures slightly more low (nearby—2 °?) allows to extend considerably a period of storage and to simplify transportation.
Eggs can be stored at temperature—2,5 °? in one and a half time longer, than at 0 With.
Distinguish three kinds of storage of foodstuff:
• short-term storage of the cooled products on trade enterprises;
• storage of cool products in refrigerators;
• long low temperature storage of the frozen foodstuff.
Products are stored in first two cases at temperatures lower and is used at storage of the frozen products and stored usually at temperature—18 …-20 °?. Some products, for example, fat fish, store at lower temperature (-25 …-30 °?).
The more low the storage temperature; it is more difficult in developing of microorganisms. However some kinds of a mould can grow at temperature close to—8 °?. It transition to lower temperatures of storage (-18 …-20 °?), completely excluding possibility of development of microorganisms speaks.
Temperature fluctuations at storage of the frozen products should not be more ±1 °?. For example, they lead to deterioration of structure of meat which speaks growth of crystals of ice.
At rise in temperature the part of crystals of ice in a fabric thaws, and at the subsequent fall of temperature there is a growth of crystals and deterioration of structure of a fabric.
The factors influencing shrinkage of foodstuff
1. The more low air temperature, the less its moisture content (absolute humidity), that is can apprehend air less than a moisture. Shrinkage of fish, for example, at—18 °? will be approximately in 2 times less, than at—8 °?.
2. The above relative humidity of air, less intensity of evaporation of moisture from a surface of a product and less shrinkage. For shrinkage reduction it is necessary to support as much as possible admissible relative humidity of air. For each kind of products there are limiting values of relative humidity above which their damage by microorganisms is observed.
3. Intensity of evaporation of moisture is influenced essentially by speed of air circulation. More often there is a change of air at a product surface, the more shrinkage.
4. Character of a surface of a product is of great importance for moisture evaporation.
The product entirely covered with a grease layer, is well protected from shrinkage. Special measures are applied to shrinkage reduction: use of protective films and coverings, installation of special screens, glazing of fish, etc.
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Tags: emergence preparedness, food storage
Posted in Food Plants · May 20th, 2010 · Comments (0)
1. Old yoghurt. If at yoghurt in your refrigerator the period of storage has come to an end, do not be afraid of it. This foodstuff stored in a freezer can endure the term of storage on the whole two weeks. However, at some of them thus appears specific smell. If you have already opened yoghurt, it is languid dig in it a spoon and have then recollected that absolutely and did not want it is, cover it and eat during two days.
2. Fruit juice. It in an open kind can be stored fearlessly in a refrigerator week. In a week there will be a probability to poison.
3. The second dishes which prepared on oil and have remained after a dinner. If such meal you want to store in a refrigerator it is better to eat it within four next days.
4. Open canned food in metal banks. Storage of products in open cans is already in itself poison. Therefore if you could not for push once in yourselves all preserve product, shift the rests in a glass jar with a cover or in a deep plateau with which it is possible to cover with one more plateau. To store it will be possible days 5-7, depending on kind of a product.
5. Fruit and vegetables. They need to be stored in bottom sliding boxes, and it is better that fruit lay separately from vegetables – they have on each other badly influence.
6. The mysterious frozen products in a freezer. First of all, understand all who they are, and then throw out everything that has already deteriorated. And has deteriorated here that: chicken if it lay there more than a year; beef and pork if they were there more than 9 months; and fish if term of its stay in a freezer has exceeded half a year. And on the future: paste to each bag a piece of paper with the name of meal and date of its freezing.
7. An open bottle of wine. Such wine will remain tasty within a week, especially if to store a bottle in lying condition.
8. Eggs. They can be stored in a freezer 3-5 weeks. Then with them there is an incident.
Nevertheless it is necessary to feed children with fresh products, at them digestion in another way occurs, and the period of storage very much and very much depends on quality of a refrigerator.
As a result of the lecture I have thrown out from a refrigerator of my friend practically all. I have left only things in which freshness, despite their long storage, did not doubt. It was the jar of jam age in one year; old cheese from which we cut off edges.
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Tags: emergence preparedness, food storage
Posted in Food Plants · May 20th, 2010 · Comments (0)